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Thangkas are sacred scroll paintings
used to help ordinary Buddhist practitioners with their religious
practice, and are an important means of religious expression. Each
sacred image acts as a focus and support for the practicing
Buddhist's faith and is a reminder of the Buddhist's commitment to
travel the path set by Buddha. Through the aid of thangkas, the practitioner
benefits from acts of worship, and advances closer to the ultimate
goal, through strengthened faith, deepened insight and purer vision.
The most important spot in the nomadic family's tent was the
Buddhist shrine, a carefully tended wooden altar on which were
arranged the family's sacred images. Over the alter hung sacred
scroll paintings, and before the shrine, silver offering bowls and
flickering butter lamps were placed.
The culture of Tibet can be viewed as a living fossil of an
otherwise extinct civilization, preserved mainly because of great
isolation. In a cool, dry climate, manuscripts and works of art could
remain for centuries without noticeable decay. Tibetans also
succeeded in keeping alive religious and intellectual currents that
had long ago vanished from India, their source of origin. Even
though isolated from the western world, Tibet maintained various
contacts with its neighbors, making possible not only the development
of traditional Buddhist culture but also a rich tradition of arts
and crafts.
Painting occupied a very special position in the arts, because
nowhere in traditional Tibet were superior artisans and their
beautiful craftsmanship held in such high regard as in the centers
of religious culture- the monasteries.
Ordinary Tibetans were often advised by their religious teachers to
commission a painting for the removal of physical or mental
obstacles, or to create the prerequisites for a long and healthy
life. Thangkas were therefore requested for 3 main reasons:
1) sickness or troubles
2) death in the family
3) the need for an image in connection with a particular religious
practice.
After the creation of the sacred image, the patron was
often expected to practice the recitations and prayers appropriate
for that deity. Many paintings were thus inspired by the universal
human desire to avoid suffering, to gain happiness and longevity and
to ensure a happy state of existence after death.
Those artists with basic skills and knowledge, in addition to
possessing a flair for fine depictions of facial features and other
details, could easily attract a surplus of commissions. Those
always in demand, the most skilled of such artists, could transform
an ordinary composition into something vibrant and extraordinary. As
their fame spread far and wide, such gifted painters sometimes even
acquired the reputation of being " divinely emanated artisans" |
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